This growth occurred despite challenging global conditions and the impact of natural disasters. Nominal GDP is projected at nearly VND 12.85 quadrillion, which is approximately US$514 billion, an increase of about US$38 billion from the previous year.
GDP per capita rose to roughly US$5,026. The growth was broad-based across all major sectors, led by industry and construction, which expanded by 8.95 percent. Services also supported the growth, accounting for just over half of total economic output and remaining the primary driver of overall growth.
Economic Indicators
Inflation remained well contained and within the National Assembly’s policy target. Consumer prices increased by 3.31 percent in 2025, driven mainly by higher housing-related costs, food services, healthcare, and education. Rising rents, electricity tariffs, and housing maintenance materials were the largest contributors to price increases.
Core inflation stayed below headline inflation, averaging 3.21 percent for the year. This reflects limited underlying price pressure once volatile components such as food, energy, healthcare, and education were excluded. The combination of strong output growth and controlled inflation points to a resilient macroeconomic environment.
The macroeconomic environment is underpinned by diversified sectoral expansion and stable price management, providing a supportive backdrop for investment and policy continuity in the coming period. They expect the strong economic momentum to have a positive impact on the people of Vietnam, as it could lead to more job opportunities and higher incomes, which in turn could improve their overall standard of living.
Foreign Direct Investment Trends
Foreign Investment Surges Ahead
Vietnam’s foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows remained resilient in 2025, despite a challenging global environment. Newly registered FDI exceeded US$38.4 billion, edging up 0.5 percent year on year. Disbursed capital reached an estimated US$27.6 billion, representing a strong 9 percent increase and the highest level in five years.
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Investment activity showed a shift toward smaller but more numerous projects. Vietnam approved 4,054 new FDI projects during the year, a 20.1 percent increase in project count. Manufacturing and processing continued to dominate new inflows, accounting for more than half of registered capital.
Foreign investors were also increasingly active through equity participation, with capital contributions and share purchases exceeding US$7 billion. This is up nearly 55 percent year on year, led primarily by manufacturing and technology-related activities. In terms of investment origin, Singapore ranked as the largest source of newly licensed capital.
Vietnam recorded a trade surplus of approximately US$20 billion, supported by robust export growth alongside rising import demand. A clear structural divide persisted between domestic and foreign-invested enterprises, with the foreign-invested sector generating a surplus of nearly US$49.5 billion.
Exports reached US$475 billion, up 17 percent from the prior year, with strong momentum continuing into December. Foreign-invested enterprises accounted for more than three-quarters of total exports, posting double-digit growth. Processed industrial products remained the backbone of export performance, contributing nearly 90 percent of total export value.
Imports grew even faster than exports, rising 19.4 percent year on year to US$455 billion. This reflects strong demand for production inputs tied to manufacturing expansion and infrastructure activity. The import basket was heavily weighted toward machinery, equipment, spare parts, raw materials, and fuels.
Trade balances varied significantly across major partners, with the United States remaining Vietnam’s largest export market, generating a substantial trade surplus. In contrast, Vietnam continued to run large and widening trade deficits with China, South Korea, and ASEAN.
According to the report, the total trade turnover exceeded US$930 billion, representing an 18.2 percent year-on-year increase. It is expected that this strong external momentum and deep integration into regional and global value chains will continue, with Vietnam’s export-oriented growth model remaining dominant.
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Vietnam’s Economic Profile
Vietnam’s economic profile shows a country with a surface area of thousands of square kilometers and a population density of people per square kilometer of land area. The poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines is a significant factor, as is the poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day.
Life expectancy at birth, total, is in years, and the fertility rate, total, is in births per woman. The adolescent fertility rate is in births per 1,000 women ages 15-19, and the contraceptive prevalence, any methods, is in percent of women ages 15-49. These demographic factors are important for understanding Vietnam’s population and its impact on the economy.
The mortality rate, under-5, is in per 1,000 live births, and the prevalence of underweight, weight for age, is in percent of children under 5. The immunization, measles, is in percent of children ages 12-23 months, and the primary completion rate, total, is in percent of relevant age group.
Terrestrial and marine protected areas are in percent of total territorial area, and annual freshwater withdrawals, total, are in percent of internal resources. Urban population growth is in annual percent, and energy use is in kg of oil equivalent per capita. CO2 emissions are in metric tons per capita, and electric power consumption is in kWh per capita.
Key Economic Indicators
Individuals using the Internet are in percent of population, and high-technology exports are in percent of manufactured exports. The Statistical Capacity Score is on a scale of 0 to 100, and the net barter terms of trade index is with 2000 as the base year. External debt stocks, total, are in millions of current US dollars, and total debt service is in percent of exports of goods, services, and primary income.
Japan and Sweden were also among the top investors, with US$2.2 billion and US$1.8 billion, respectively.
